Define "endothermic reaction" in the context of coffee roasting.

• A. A process where beans release heat
• B. A process where beans absorb heat
• C. A process only occurring in darker roasts
• D. A surface chemical reaction

Answer: (B)

In the context of coffee roasting, an endothermic reaction refers to a process where the green coffee beans absorb heat during the roasting process. This absorption of heat is essential for facilitating various chemical changes within the beans, including the breakdown of complex carbohydrates and the formation of flavors and aromas. The endothermic nature of the reaction allows the beans to reach the necessary temperatures for roasting, resulting in a transformation from raw, green beans to the fragrant, brown coffee roast that we recognize.

During the initiation of roasting, the temperature within the roasting chamber increases, and the beans actively take in this heat energy. This process contributes to the internal changes in the beans, ultimately leading to the Maillard reaction and caramelization, which are crucial for developing the unique flavors and aromas of different coffee profiles. Understanding this concept is vital for roasters, as managing the temperature and heat absorption effectively influences the final product's characteristics.